Oil burner



June 14 OIL BURNER lwmroh E. A. SKYIEPALV Filed Dec. 22. 1923 m. W V X fl D F W M .0

Patented June 14, 1927.

UNITED STATES EDWARD A. SKYIEPAL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed December 22, 1823. Serial No. 682,150.

This invention relates to oil burners of the type commonly used in steam boilers and has for its principal object to provide a new and improved construction for securing a more nearly perfect atomization of the fuel oil.

Another object-is to provide a new and improved construction which will overcome the objectionable wearing and consequent enlarging of the nozzle orifice by particles of grit and foreign matter contained in the fuel oil.

Other more specific objects will appea from the following description.

Referring to the drawings which illustrate examples of the invention without defining its limits Fi 1 is a central longitudinal section of one f orm of the novel oil burner.

, Fig. 2 is an end View of the nozzle end of the burner shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3*3 of Fig. 1.

As shown in the drawings the burner comprises an outer hollow shell 10", preferably constructed of steel and having at one end thereof a screw threaded aperture, by means of which the burner is attached to the usual oil supply pipe.

n atomizing device is mounted within the shell 10 and consists of a plurality of foraminated washers 12, which are mounted at spaced intervals upon a rod or stem 13 extending lengthwise of said shell.

The active end of the burner comprises an end member 15 fitted into a counterbore 16 of the shell 10", said end member being located at the one end of the stem 13, and having its inner face cut away to form a recess 20 and preferably having its peripheral wall bevelled as shown in Fig. ,1. In the resent form, the end member 15 is provided with aplurality of holes 21", inclined toward the axis of the shell in a direction opposite to the peripheral wall of the recess 20"; the holes 21 thus diverge outwardl to re ial planes passing through the shell as illustrated in Fig. 1. In the form being described, the end member 15 is provided with a head 15 which projects outwardly beyond the same in an axial direction and includes an annular shoulder 15", the one surface of which is bevelled and fits against a correspondingly inclined inner surface 18 of the nozzle tip 18; the latter fits against the endmember 15 and is held in place by and extend approximately parallel means of a nut 33" which screws upon the end of the shell 10 and also fixes the end member 15* and its associated parts in place. With the described arrangement, as shown in Fig. 1, a chamber 19" corresponding to the previously mentioned chambers 19 and toward the chamber 19 and have their axes substantially tangent to the recess 15. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the passages 15 are connected with each other by channels 15 formed in the shoulder 15", each channel being preferably curved and extending inwardly from one passage 15 to the next.

adjacent passage; that is. to say, the inlet end of each channel 15 is at a greater distance from the centre of the recess l5 than the exit end thereof. The passages 15 and channels 15 are in the form of recesses cut into the face of the shoulder 15 and are, converted into closed passages and channels by the inner surface 18 of the nozzle tip member 18" as shown in Fig. 1, so that in the assembled condition of the parts only the opposite ends of said passages and chan-' nels are open. The nozzle tip member 18 in this form has its outer surface shaped to provide a conical recess 23* converging inwardly and having a fuel orifice 24 located atits apex in axial registry with the central recess 15 as shown in Fig. 1.-

The assembling and operation of the burner herein described is as follows: A suitable number of the washers 12 are placed at spaced intervals upon the stem 13 and the stem with the washers thereon is inserted into the shell 10", the end member 15 being seated within the counterbore 16. The washers 12 and end member 15 will hold the stem 13 concentrically of the shell. The nozzle tip member 18 is then inserted into the counterbore and the nut 33" is screwed home to hold the nozzle tip member and end member securely in place, after which the as-' sembled burner is secured to its supply pipe and placed in position in the boiler.

In the form shown in Figs. 1., 2 and 3,

the fuel after passing lengthwise of the shell passes through the holes 21" to the chamber 19" and is guided by the surface 18 toward the inlet ends of the passages 15. The fuel enters these inlet ends and a part thereof passes directly through said passages 15 to the central recess 15' while another part travels through the channtds 15 to the next adjacent passage 15 from which it passes to the central recess. By thus diverting a part of the fuel through the channels l5", the fuel s thoroughly broken up before it finally passes from the passages 15 to the central recess 15. Because of the tangential arrangement of the passages 15'. the fuel as it leaves the same is given a whirling motion within therecess 15 as indicated diagrammatically by the arrows in Fig. In this whirling condition the fuel com 'iletcly atomized passes through the orifice 2+. and is whirled across the conical surface 23'" and ignited.

The tip member 18 is preferably constructed of a special vanadium tool steel which is hardened to a glass hardness in the region adjacent to the central orifice and the thickness of the walls defining the orifice is such as to present a suflicicnt wearing sur- :face for withstanding the wearing away of the tip by grit or other foreign substance in the oil or other fuel. I am enabled to use this thicker wall at the central orifice of the tip without destroying the aton'iizii'ig etfect, because of the swirling movement given to the fuel by the inclination of the holes 21 and the angular deflection produced by the channels surrounding the recess 15.

Furthermore, due to the swirling movement of the fuel the fuel on emerging from the orifice is caused to sweep across the inclined surface of the recess 23 and therefore effectively prevents any carbon deposits from adhering to the tip.

Various changes in the specific form shown and described may be made Within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, I

declare that what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is,

'1. An oil burner comprising an outer shell having a fuel admission opening at one end thereof, a nozzle tip member having opposed conical recesses in its.outer and inner faces and a fuel orifice at the common apex of said conical recesses, an end member in contiguous relation to said nozzle tip member and forming with the inner face thereof a fuel chamber, said end member having holes conlltltltlllg said fuel chamber with the interior of the shell, an annular shoulder on said end member in surface engagement with the inner conical face of said nozzle-tip member and forming a central recess, said shoulder having passages substantially tangent to said central recess and connecting the latter with-said fuel chamber and means cooperating with said passages and said fuel orifice for atomizing the fuel as it leaves said burner;

2. An oil burner comprising an outer shell having a fuel admission opening at one end thereof, a nozzle tip member having opposed conical recesses in its outer and inner faces and a fuel orifice at the common apex of said conical recesses, an end mei'ni'icr in contiguous relation to said nozzle tip member and forming with the inner face thereof a fuel chamber, said end member having holes connectil'ig said fuel chamber with the interior of the shell, an annular shoulder on said end member in surface engagement with the inner conical-face of said nozzletip member and forming a central recess, said shoulder having passages substantially tangent to said central recess and connecting the latter with said fuel chamber and channels connecting said passages with each other, said passages and channel cooperating with said fuel orifice for atomizing the fuel as it leaves said burner.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

EDWARD A. SK YIEPAL. 

